¹Ì±¹ÀÇ ¾ó±¼ÀÎ½Ä Ä«¸Þ¶ó½Ã½ºÅÛ °³¹ß¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ÅõÀÚ


Millions spent to develop spy cameras

Date: Sunday 21st April, 2002 @ 23:20:42
zion writes:

Government agencies have spent more than $ 50 million during the past five years developing camera surveillance technology , and proposed federal spending on such systems has increased since September 11 , according to a recent report released by the General Accounting Office .

Á¤ºÎ ºÎóµéÀº Áö³­ 5³âµ¿¾È¿¡ 5000¸¸´Þ·¯º¸´Ù ´õ ¸¹ÀÌ ½è½À´Ï´Ù , °³¹ß Ä«¸Þ¶ó °¨½Ã ±â¼ú , ±×¸®°í Á¤ºÎ ºÎóµéÀÌ ±×·¯ÇÑ ½Ã½ºÅÛ¿¡ ¾´ ¿¬¹æÁÖÀÇÀÚ¸¦ ½ÅûÇÏ¿´´ø °ÍÀº ȸ°è °¨»ç¿ø¿¡ ÀÇÇؼ­ ¾çµµµÈ ÃÖ±Ù º¸°í¿¡ µû¶ó¼­ 9¿ù 11ÀÏ ÀÌÈÄ Áõ°¡ÇÏ¿´½À´Ï´Ù

 

The GAO surveyed 35 government agencies from July 2001 to January 2002 at the request of House Majority Leader Dick Armey , Texas Republican , who requested the report last summer after seeing spending increases for automated traffic cameras and facial recognition technology .

±× GAO´Â 2001³â 7¿ùºÎÅÍ House Majority Leader Dick ArmeyÀÇ(Áö³­ ¿©¸§ º¸°í¸¦ ºÎŹÇÏ¿´´Ù , ÈÄ¿¡ ÁöÃâÀÌ ÀÚµ¿È­ÇÑ ±³Åë Ä«¸Þ¶óµé°ú ¾ó±¼ ÀÎ½Ä ±â¼ú¿¡ ´ëÇÏ¿© Áõ°¡ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ» º¸¸é Texas °øÈ­´ç¿ø) ±× ¿ä±¸¿¡ 2002³â 1¿ù±îÁö 35°³ÀÇ Á¤ºÎ ºÎóµéÀ» Á¶»çÇÏ¿´½À´Ï´Ù.

 

Facial recognition research and development made up more than 90 percent of federal surveillance budgets since 1997 .

¾ó±¼ ÀÎ½Ä ¿¬±¸ °³¹ßÀº 1997³â ÀÌÈÄ ¿¬¹æ °¨½Ã ¿¹»êÀÇ 90 ÆÛ¼¾Æ®º¸´Ù ´õ ¸¹ÀÌ ¸¸µé¾îÁý´Ï´Ù.

 

Of the 35 agencies the GAO surveyed , " 17 reported obligating $ 51 million to [ red-light , photo radar and biometric camera surveillance ] as of June 2001 , with the largest amount reported for facial recognition technology . "

35°³ÀÇ ±â°üµéÀÇ  ±× GAO´Â ÃøÁ¤ÇÏ¿´½À´Ï´Ù, " 17Àº ¾ó±¼ ÀÎ½Ä ±â¼ú¿¡ ´ëÇÏ¿© º¸°íµÈ °¡Àå ¸¹Àº ·®À¸·Î 2001³â 6¿ùÇöÀç [¿òÁ÷ÀÌ´Â ¿­Â÷¿¡¼­ ¹Ð¾î¶³¾î¶ß¸®´Ù, »çÁø ·¹ÀÌ´õ ±×¸®°í »ý¹° ÃøÁ¤ Ä«¸Þ¶ó °¨½Ã]¿¡ 5100¸¸´Þ·¯¸¦ 乫 ÁöºÒ¿¡ Ãæ´çÇÏ´Ù¶ó°í ¸»ÇÏ¿´½À´Ï´Ù "

 

Two agencies reported promoting the use of the surveillance devices but did not report spending any money on them , the report said .

2°³ÀÇ ±â°üµéÀº °¨½Ã ÀåÄ¡µéÀÇ »ç¿ëÀ» ÁøÀü½ÃÅ°´Ù¶ó°í ¸»ÇÏ¿´Áö¸¸ ±×µé¿¡°Ô ¾î¶°ÇÑ µ·À» ¾²´Ù¶ó°í ¸»ÇÏÁö ¾Ê¾Ò½À´Ï´Ù, ±× º¸°í¼­´Â ¾º¿©Á® ÀÖ¾ú½À´Ï´Ù.

 

The State Department , for instance , did not devote any money to deploying facial recognition as of June 20 , 2001 , but said it " planned to work with the Bureau of Consular Affairs to integrate the devices into its counterterrorism database " this year .

¿¹¸¦ µé¸é, ±× ±¹¹«ºÎ°¡ 2001³â 6¿ù 20ÀÏÇöÀç ¾ó±¼ ÀνÄÀ» Àü°³ÇÏ´Â °Í¿¡ ¾î¶°ÇÑ µ·À» ¹ÙÄ¡¾úÁö ¾Ê°í ±×°ÍÀ» ¸»ÇÏ¿´½À´Ï´Ù , ¶ÇÇÑ " ±×°ÍÀÇ ´ëÇ× Å×·¯ ÇàÀ§ µ¥ÀÌÅÍ º£À̽º¾ÈÀ¸·Î ÀåÄ¡µéÀ» ÅëÇÕÇϱâ À§ÇÏ¿© Consular AffairsÀÇ Bureau¿Í ÇÔ²² ÀÏÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ» °èȹÇÏ¿´½À´Ï´Ù "  ¿ÃÇصµ ÀÔ´Ï´Ù

 

Though the report did not include figures for this year's budget , several agencies predicted that proposed surveillance spending would rise .

±× º¸°í°¡ ¿ÃÇØÀÇ ¿¹»êÀ¸·Î ¸ð¾çµéÀ» Æ÷ÇÔÇÏÁö ¾Ê¾ÒÀ»Áö¶óµµ, °¨½Ã ÁöÃâÀ» ½ÅûÇÏ¿´´ø ¿¹¾ðµÈ ¸î¸î ±â°üµéÀº µé¾î ¼³ °ÍÀÔ´Ï´Ù.

 

 " Following the terrorist attacks on September 11 , federal interest in facial recognition technology as a security measure appears to have increased , " the report states .

" 9¿ù 11ÀÏ¿¡ Å×·¯¸®½ºÆ® °ø°Ýµé¿¡ À̾î , º¸¾È Å©±â·Î¼­ ¾ó±¼ ÀÎ½Ä ±â¼ú·Î ¿¬¹æ ÀÌÀÍÀº ÁõÁøµÇ¿´´ø °Íó·³ º¸ÀÔ´Ï´Ù "  º¸°í »óŵé .

 

Biometric devices use human characteristics such as retinal scans , fingerprint imaging and facial and vocal recognition to verify individuals entering secured areas .

»ý¹° ÃøÁ¤ ÀåÄ¡µéÀº ¾ÈÀüÇÏ°Ô µÈ Áö¿ªµé¿¡ µé¾î°£ °³ÀεéÀÌ Áø½ÇÇÔÀ» Áõ¸íÇϱâ À§ÇÏ¿© ¸Á¸· Á¤¹Ð°Ë»çµé, Áö¹® È­»óÁøÂû°ú ¾ó±¼ ±×¸®°í ¼Ò¸®¸¦ ³½ ½ÂÀΰú °°Àº Àΰ£ Ư»öÀ» »ç¿ëÇÕ´Ï´Ù.

 

Mr. Armey has long been an opponent of government surveillance of American citizens .

Mr. Armey´Â ¿À·£µ¿¾È ¹Ì±¹ ½Ã¹ÎµéÀÇ Á¤ºÎ °¨½ÃÀÇ »ó´ëÀ̾ú½À´Ï´Ù.

 

 " We wanted to get a sense of how much funding has been there since the beginning , " said Richard Diamond , Mr. Armey's spokesman .

Richard Diamond´Â(Mr. ArmeyÀÇ ´ëº¯ÀÎ) "¿ì¸®µéÀº ÀÚ±ÝÁ¶´ÞÀÌ ½ÃÀÛ ÀÌÈÄ ¸¹ÀÌ °Å±â¿¡¼­ ÀÖ¾ú´ø ¹æ¹ýÀÇ °¨°¢À» ´À³¢±â¸¦ ¿øÇÏ¿´½À´Ï´Ù." ¶ó°í ¸»ÇÏ¿´½À´Ï´Ù.

 

Mr. Diamond said the general public first learned of facial recognition after the software was used during the 2001 Super Bowl .

Mr. Diamond´Â ±× ÀϹÝÀûÀÎ ´ëÁßÀÌ ±× ¼ÒÇÁÆ®¿þ¾î°¡ 2001 ½´ÆÛº¼µ¿¾È¿¡ »ç¿ëµÇ¿´´ø ÈÄ¿¡ ¾ó±¼ ÀνĿ¡ ´ëÇØ 1¹ø°·Î ¹è¿ü´Ù ¶ó°í ¸»ÇÏ¿´½À´Ï´Ù.

 

But the report said funding requests for biometric security devices were first made 15 years ago .

±×·¯³ª, ±× º¸°í´Â ÀÚ±ÝÁ¶´ÞÀÌ »ý¹° ÃøÁ¤ º¸¾È ¼³ºñµéÀÌ 15³âÀü ù°·Î ¸¸µé¾îÁ³±â ¶§¹®¿¡ ¿ä±¸ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ» ¸»ÇÏ¿´½À´Ï´Ù.

 

Federal funding for photo-radar devices first showed up nearly 30 years ago .

photo-radar ÀåÄ¡µéÀ» À§ÇØ ¿¬¹æ ÀÚ±ÝÁ¶´ÞÀº °ÅÀÇ 30³âÀüÀ» 1¹ø°·Î µå·¯³Â½À´Ï´Ù.

 

 " The first reported obligations for facial recognition technology were by the [ Department of ] Defense in fiscal year 1987," the report said . The report also said the first funding requests for photo-radar cameras came from the Navy in 1974 .

±× º¸°í´Â "1¹ø°´Â ¾ó±¼ ÀÎ½Ä ±â¼ú¿¡ ´ëÇÏ¿© Àǹ«°¡ ȸ°è ¿¬µµ 1987¿¡ [ºÎ¼­] Defense¿¡ ÀÇÇÑ ÀÖ¾ú´Ù¶ó°í ¸»ÇÏ¿´½À´Ï´Ù."À̶ó°í ¸»ÇÏ¿´½À´Ï´Ù.

±× º¸°íµµ ¶ÇÇÑ ±× 1¹ø°  ÀÚ±ÝÁ¶´ÞÀÌ photo-radar Ä«¸Þ¶óµéÀÌ 1974³â¿¡ ÇرºÀ¸·ÎºÎÅÍ ÀϾ±â ¶§¹®¿¡ ¿ä±¸ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ» ¸»ÇÏ¿´½À´Ï´Ù.

 

But no one seems to recall why the Navy wanted the devices or what they planned to do with them .

±×·¯³ª, ¾Æ¹«µµ ¿Ö ±× ÇرºÀÌ ÀåÄ¡µéÀ» ¿øÇÏ¿´°Å³ª ¶Ç´Â ±×µéÀÌ ±×µé°ú ÇÔ²² ¹«¾ùÀ» ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ» °èȹÇÏ¿´´ø °ÍÀÌ »ý°¢³ª´Â °Íó·³ º¸ÀÌÁö ¾Ê½À´Ï´Ù.

 

The Defense and Justice departments have spent more money than the other agencies combined on facial recognition since 1997 , according to the report .

±× Defense¿Í Á¤ÀÇ ºÎ¼­µéÀº º¸°í¿¡ µû¶ó¼­ ±× ´Ù¸¥ ±â°üµéÀÌ 1997³â ÀÌÈÄ ¾ó±¼ ÀνĿ¡ ¿¬ÇÕÇÏ¿´´ø °Íº¸´Ù ´õ¸¹Àº µ·À» ½è½À´Ï´Ù.

 

While most of the money spent has been for development and research , very little has been used to deploy facial recognition technology in government facilities .

¾²¿©Áø µ·ÀÇ ´ëºÎºÐÀÌ ¹ß´Þ°ú ¿¬±¸¿¡ ´ëÇÏ¿© ÀÖ¾úÀ» µ¿¾È¿¡, ¸Å¿ì Á¶±ÝÀº Á¤ºÎ ¼³ºñµé¿¡ ¾ó±¼ ÀÎ½Ä ±â¼úÀ» Àü°³ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ¸·Î »ç¿ëµÇ¿´½À´Ï´Ù.

 

Katie Corrigan , legislative counsel for the American Civil Liberties Union , said part of the reason the government has not fully committed to using facial recognition is that " the technology is ineffective and fallible . "

katie Corrigan , ÀÔ¹ýºÎ´Â ¹Ì±¹ ÀÚÀ¯ À뱂 Çùȸ¸¦ À§ÇÏ¿© ÀdzíÇÕ´Ï´Ù, ±× Á¤ºÎ°¡ »ç¿ëÇÑ ¾ó±¼ ÀνÄÀ» ÃæºÐÈ÷ ¾ð¸íÇÏÁö ¾Ê¾Ò´ø ÀÌÀ¯ÀÇ ºÎºÐÀÌ ±× " ±× ±â¼úÀº ¹«´ÉÇÏ°í ¼Ó±â ½±½À´Ï´Ù "ÀÎ °Í ¸»ÇÏ´Ù

 

 " Several government studies have found , including a National Institute for Standards in Technology

¸î¸î Á¤ºÎ ¿¬±¸´Â ±â¼ú·Î Ç¥ÁØ¿¡ ´ëÇÏ¿© ±¹¿µ ¿¬±¸¼Ò¸¦ Æ÷ÇÔÇÏ¿© ã¾Æ³Â½À´Ï´Ù.

 

[ report ] , that the technology has a high number of false negatives .

[º¸°íÇÏ´Ù] ±×°Í  ±× ±â¼úÀº Ʋ¸° ºÎÁ¤ÀÇ ¸»µéÀÇ ³ôÀº ¼ö¸¦ °¡Áö°í ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.

 

She said the National Institute study found that after faces were inserted into a database for 18 months , 43 percent of all scans turned up false negatives .

±×³à´Â ±× National ¿¬±¸¼Ò ¿¬±¸°¡ ¸ðµç Á¤¹Ð°Ë»çµéÀÇ ¾ó±¼µéÀÌ 18°³¿ùµ¿¾È µ¥ÀÌÅÍ º£À̽º·Î »ðÀԵǿ´´ø ÈÄ¿¡ 43  ÆÛ¼¾Æ®°¡ Ʋ¸° ºÎÁ¤ÀÇ ¸»µéÀ» À§·Î ¸ÚÀÖ°Ô ÇÏ¿´´ø °ÍÀ» ¹ß°ßÇÏ¿´´Ù ¶ó°í ¸»ÇÏ¿´½À´Ï´Ù.

 

Mr. Armey said his goal in requesting the report was to spark public debate on the growth of government surveillance and the erosion of civil liberties Americans take for granted .

Mr. Armey´Â º¸°í¸¦ ºÎŹÇÏ´Â °Í¿¡ ±×ÀÇ ¸ñÇ¥°¡ Á¤ºÎ °¨½ÃÀÇ ¼ºÀå¿¡ °ø°ø ¼÷°í¸¦ °©Àڱ⠺ҷ¯ÀÏÀ¸Å³ °ÍÀ̾ú´Ù ¶ó°í ¸»ÇÏ¿´½À´Ï´Ù ±×¸®°í ½Ã¹ÎÀû ÀÚÀ¯ ¹Ì±¹ÀεéÀÇ ±× ºÎ½ÄÀº ´ç¿¬ÇÑ °Í¿¡ ¹Þ¾ÆµéÀÔ´Ï´Ù.

 

 " We wanted to raise awareness of the issue , and we were successful now that other members [ of Congress ] have taken up the cause , " Mr. Diamond said .

Mr. Diamond´Â "¿ì¸®µéÀº ¹®Á¦ÀÇ ÀǽÄÀ» ÀÏÀ¸Å°°Ô Çϱ⸦ ¿øÇÏ¿´½À´Ï´Ù, ±×¸®°í ¿ì¸®µéÀº ÀÌÁ¦ ´Ù¸¥ ÀÏ¿øµé[±¹È¸ÀÇ]ÀÌ ÁÖÀåÀ» ¹Þ¾ÆµéÀ̾úÀ½À¸·Î½á ¼º°øÀûÀ̾ú½À´Ï´Ù."À̶ó°í ¸»ÇÏ¿´½À´Ï´Ù.

 

The Washington Times reported in March that Rep. Constance A. Morella , chairman of the House Government Reform subcommittee on the District , said it's up to legislatures to limit law enforcement agencies' growing use of surveillance technology .

±× Washington ŸÀÓÁî´Â ´ëÇ¥ÀÚ Constance A. Morella°¡(District¿¡ House Government Reform ºÐ°ú À§¿øȸÀÇ ÀÇÀå) °¨½Ã ±â¼ú¿¡¼­ ¹ý ÁýÇà±â°üÀÇ ¼ºÀåÇÑ »ç¿ëÀ» Á¦ÇÑÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ ÀÔ¹ýºÎµé±îÁö ÀÖ´Â °ÍÀ» ¸»ÇÏ¿´´ø 3¿ù¿¡ ±â»ç¸¦ ÀÛ¼ºÇÏ¿´½À´Ï´Ù.

 

Mrs. Morella , Maryland Republican , said in a March 22 subcommittee hearing that the use of cameras for security and traffic enforcement were outpacing federal laws and advancing without the necessary public debate .

Mrs. Morella´Â(Maryland °øÈ­´ç¿ø) º¸¾È ±×¸®°í ±³Åë ½ÃÇà¿¡ ´ëÇÏ¿© Ä«¸Þ¶óµéÀÇ ±× »ç¿ëÀÌ ¿¬¹æ ¹ý·üÇк¸´Ù ¼Óµµ°¡ ºü¸£°í ÀÖ¾ú°í ÇÊ¿äÇÑ ´ëÁß ¾øÀÌ . Áøº¸°¡ Åä·ÐÇÏ°í ÀÖ¾ú´Ù´Â °ÍÀ» µéÀº 3¿ù 22ÀÏ ºÐ°ú À§¿øȸ¿¡ ¸»ÇÏ¿´½À´Ï´Ù.

 

D.C. Delegate Eleanor Holmes Norton , the District's nonvoting representative in Congress , said the fact that several federal officials from the Office of Homeland Security , the Justice Department , FBI ,

D.C. ´ëÇ¥ÀÚ Eleanor Ȩ½º NortonÀº(±¹È¸¿¡ Áö¹æÀÇ ÅõÇ¥ÇÏÁö ¾ÊÀº ´ëÇ¥ÀÚ) »ç½ÇÀ» ¸»ÇÏ¿´½À´Ï´Ù , °í±¹ º¸¾È ¹ý¹«ºÎ, FBIÀÇ »ç¹«½Ç·ÎºÎÅÍ ±× ¸î¸î ¿¬¹æ °ø¹«¿øµé , .

 

U.S. Capitol Police and Secret Service , among others , did not show up to testify before the subcommittee was " unjustifiable . "

U.S. ±¹È¸ÀÇ»ç´ç °æÂû°ú ºñ¹Ð ±â°üÀº ±× ºÐ°ú À§¿øȸ°¡ " º¯¸íÇÒ¼ö ¾ø´Â "À̾ú±â Àü¿¡ Áõ¸íÇϱâ À§ÇÏ¿© , ±× Áß¿¡ , ³ªÅ¸³ªÁö ¾Ê¾Ò½À´Ï´Ù.

 

http://www.washingtontimes.com/metro/20020417-31785134.htm